Resumen
Este estudio tiene como objetivo desarrollar un modelo predictivo para evaluar la condición estructural de la carpeta asfáltica y su impacto en la serviciabilidad del pavimento flexible en la carretera Puente Palca–Palca, Huancavelica, Perú. La investigación se enfoca en 18 puntos seleccionados a lo largo de un tramo de 3 kilómetros, empleando técnicas como deflectometría, análisis de macrotextura, resistencia al deslizamiento (CRD), grado de compactación e Índice Internacional de Rugosidad (IRI). El estudio sigue un diseño cuantitativo, no experimental, correlacional-explicativo, utilizando modelos de regresión no lineal y análisis multivariable para predecir la vida útil del pavimento y su capacidad funcional. Los resultados indican que la compactación afecta significativamente la deflectometría (R = 0,543), mientras que el contenido de asfalto influye de manera inversa en la macrotextura (R² = 0,5648). Se observa una reducción crítica de la textura superficial (<1,0 mm) cuando el contenido de asfalto supera el 4,2%. El tráfico pesado y las condiciones climáticas aceleran la degradación estructural, reduciendo la vida útil del pavimento a 10-12 años sin intervención. Sin embargo, el modelo predictivo extiende esta vida útil a 15 años, optimizando recursos y reduciendo los costos de mantenimiento en un 20%. La conclusión enfatiza que el modelo predictivo desarrollado para la condición estructural tiene un impacto significativo en la serviciabilidad del pavimento flexible, mejorando su vida útil en 3-5 años y reduciendo los costos de reparación, lo que mejora la seguridad y funcionalidad en Huancavelica.
Citas
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Derechos de autor 2024 Jesús Cárdenas Capcha